Food, clothing, housing and transportation are the basic needs of life, among which "living" is regarded as just needed by many people. These two days, there was an interesting meeting, which was closely related to "living".

　　The video and telephone conference on accelerating the development of affordable rental housing and further improving the regulation of the real estate market held on the 22nd reiterated that the house should be used for living, not for speculation, and the real estate should not be used as a short-term means to stimulate the economy.

　　The positioning of "staying in the house and not speculating" continued to consolidate, which made many people eat "reassuring".

　　The picture shows a commercial house near Madang Road in Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Fei photo

　　Whether buying a house, renting a house or building a house, it is inseparable from money. Therefore, real estate finance is a key link in the implementation of "housing without speculation".

　　In recent years, China has accelerated the establishment and improvement of a long-term mechanism for real estate financial management, especially under the guidance of the "three lines and four files" rule and the real estate loan concentration management system, many housing enterprises have become more cautious and self-disciplined, and the concentration of real estate loans and personal housing loans of banking financial institutions has steadily decreased.

　　In June, the sales price increase of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities showed a steady and declining trend as a whole; At the same time, at the end of June, the growth rate of RMB real estate loans in China dropped by 2.2 percentage points from the end of last year.

　　It can be seen that the regulatory policies, including real estate financial policies, have been effective, the real estate credit environment in some cities has changed, and the price increase has stabilized.

　　What is the "sharp weapon" that can make regulation so immediate? How do the "three lines and four gears" rule and the real estate loan concentration management system play a role? Come and get to know it.

　　To promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, first of all, real estate enterprises need to be healthy. However, some real estate enterprises are greedy for perfection and blindly expand, and the financial indicators of core operations are "red light", which also leads to the phenomenon of high leverage and high debt in the real estate industry.

　　In order to enhance the marketization, regularity and transparency of financing for real estate enterprises, in August last year, the People’s Bank of China, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and relevant departments formed the fund monitoring and financing management rules for key real estate enterprises, that is, the "three lines and four files" rules.

　　The "three lines" are actually "three red lines", which specifically refer to: the asset-liability ratio is greater than 70%, the net debt ratio is greater than 100%, and the cash short-term debt ratio is less than 1 times after excluding advance payments.

　　According to the situation of stepping on the line, real estate enterprises are divided into four grades: red, orange, yellow and green: the scale of interest-bearing liabilities of "red-file" enterprises cannot be higher than the existing level; The annual growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities of "orange file" enterprises shall not exceed 5%; "Yellow file" enterprises shall not exceed 10%; "Green file" enterprises shall not exceed 15%.

　　With a clear "three lines and four gears", housing enterprises must meet the corresponding requirements and constantly optimize financial indicators if they want to raise funds. This is equivalent to a "physical examination" of the financial health of housing enterprises to help them better improve their financial management.

　　Behind health is self-discipline. When the financing behavior of housing enterprises is more prudent and self-disciplined, the overall operation tends to be stable. Having tasted the sweetness, more and more real estate enterprises have joined the ranks of "self-discipline". At the beginning of the pilot, the central bank selected 12 representative real estate enterprises as the pilot targets, and at the beginning of this year it expanded to 30 real estate enterprises with large debts.

　　Zou Lan, director of the Financial Market Department of the People’s Bank of China, said that the "three-line and four-gear" rule is effective from the situation and reactions from all walks of life in the past year. The three core operating financial indicators of the pilot enterprises, namely, asset-liability ratio, net debt ratio and short-term cash debt ratio, have obviously improved, and the debt scale has steadily declined. Many other real estate enterprises outside the pilot also actively benchmark the rules and optimize their own business practices.

　　The picture shows a qionghai city resident passing by an advertising slogan in front of a bank. Xinhua news agency

　　In addition to keeping an eye on the demand side, financing management cannot ignore the supply side. In addition to monitoring and managing the liabilities of housing enterprises, the People’s Bank of China also strengthens the management of banking financial institutions — — Formulate the management system of real estate loan concentration.

　　The system sets "two red lines" for the balance of real estate loans and the balance of personal housing loans for different types and sizes of banking institutions. The former ranges from 40% to 12.5%, while the latter ranges from 32.5% to 7.5%.

　　As the saying goes, eggs can’t be put in one basket. Bank credit should also focus on structural optimization, which is not only related to the risk of the institution itself, but also of great significance to the healthy and steady development of the whole economy.

　　Since the implementation of the system, the concentration of real estate loans and personal housing loans of banking financial institutions has steadily decreased. The data shows that at the end of June, the growth rate of China’s real estate development loan balance and personal housing loan balance dropped by 3.3 and 1.6 percentage points respectively compared with the end of the previous year.

　　In Zou Lan’s view, while the real estate loan business is subject to certain constraints, commercial banks have put more energy into supporting small and micro, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and other weak economic links, while the proportion of loans in key areas such as manufacturing and technological innovation has been improved.

　　The data shows that at the end of June, the balance of China’s Pratt & Whitney small and micro loans increased by 31% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 18.7 percentage points higher than that of various loans in the same period; The balance of medium and long-term loans in manufacturing industry increased by 41.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 16.9 percentage points higher than the same period of last year.

　　The People’s Bank of China said that the next step will continue to adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, implement a long-term real estate mechanism, constantly improve the "three lines and four files" rules and the centralized management system of real estate loans, do a good job in policy implementation, improve the resilience and stability of the financial system, and promote the balanced development of finance, real estate and the real economy.

　　To firmly grasp the key of real estate finance, we must continue to strictly implement the "sharp weapon" of regulation and control, manage the supply and demand ends of real estate finance, and make the regulation and control policies more precise, which will not only accurately crack down on real estate speculation, but also better meet the needs. (Reporter Wu Yu)

In cold weather, whether it is necessary to warm up the car has always been a concern of car owners. In some areas, the engine needs to run at high idle speed for a period of time to reach the normal working temperature. Specifically, the fast idle speed of cold car is to let the engine run at a high speed for tens of seconds to about 1 minute, and after the water temperature reaches the temperature set by the driving computer, the idle speed returns to normal. The normal working temperature of the engine is generally 80-90℃, and the calibration of individual engines is about 100℃, but it is not necessary to make the engine reach this temperature in daily hot cars. Generally, the coolant temperature is 60℃ and the engine oil temperature is above 50℃, which can meet the requirements. In addition, the fast idle speed of the cold car is not only for the temperature of the engine, but also for the engine to inject more fuel to preheat and let the three-way catalyst enter the working temperature as soon as possible to reduce automobile emissions. A secondary air pump is also installed in the American standard large-displacement car to preheat the three elements and control emissions during idling. Therefore, it is necessary to warm up the car in winter, but it is not necessary to warm up the car for a long time.

Text/Theseus

Volkswagen is a world-famous manufacturer, and its global sales volume is second only to Toyota, ranking second in the world. In the domestic automobile market, Volkswagen is also very popular and has a good sales volume. Volkswagen has been developing in China for 40 years, which has established a good brand image in the hearts of consumers and has also become the benchmark of automobile brands. As a classic model of Volkswagen, Volkswagen Golf has been loved by young consumers for many years with its fashionable appearance and excellent mechanical quality. Golf GTI, as the top model of golf series, has outstanding performance and is known as a small steel gun, which is pursued by young consumers. Recently, FAW-Volkswagen announced the official launch of a brand-new golf GTI model, which is equipped with a better power system and a more fashionable and sporty appearance. The guide price is 229,800 yuan.

[Cheyou Headline-CheyouNo.-Zhidian Automobile]　　

In terms of appearance, GTI is obviously more refined in appearance than ordinary golf. Adopt flat front design, through design, and the addition of red decorative strips highlights personality and movement, which is full of movement. Large-size air intake grille with blackened honeycomb structure inside brings brand-new visual impact and looks more sporty and domineering. In addition, the brand-new GTI adopts the brand-new LED headlight group design, which looks sharper and improves the aggressiveness of the whole vehicle, while the word GTI is also located at the left headlight corner, which instantly improves the advanced feeling of the whole vehicle.

The side of the car body is not much different from the ordinary version. The integral side skirt design makes the car body lower. The side lines of the vehicle are smooth and concise, and the classic body shape is still dynamic, but the latest 17-inch sports aluminum alloy wheels are added, which adds a sporty atmosphere. The lower part of the door and the rearview mirror shell are decorated with silver, which enhances the luxury of the vehicle.

At the tail, the tail design of the new golf GTI is very special, with distinct layers, and the integrated body shape design is selected. The taillights are more sharp, and the rear spoiler is large, with black surrounding at the top and bottom and double exhaust at both sides, showing the demeanor of a high-performance car.

When it comes to the interior, Golf GTI still adopts the ordinary version of golf design style. The center console design is almost the same as that of golf. The embracing center console that is biased towards the cab design adds a sense of movement with GTI’s exclusive red control interface. The perforated leather material and the fur cover of the seat make people feel comfortable and can reflect the luxury inside the car. The brand-new 10.25-inch LCD instrument panel, central control suspension screen and three-position multi-function steering wheel design reduce a lot of physical buttons and improve the sense of science and technology in the car. The GTI version adopts a new integrated sports plaid seat to provide better support and comfort. In terms of configuration, the new car is equipped with 30-color ambient lights, reversing images, constant-speed cruise, multiple driving modes, automatic parking, uphill assistance, variable steering ratio, electric sunroof, keyless entry and start, remote start, low-speed driving warning, active noise reduction, 8-speaker speakers, automatic air conditioning and so on. The main and passenger seats are equipped with airbags, front and rear head air curtains, knee airbags, passive pedestrian protection, tire pressure alarm, fatigue driving tips, etc. The new golf GTI can enjoy the blind spot image on the side of the car, the openable panoramic sunroof, leather seats, front seat heating and so on. From the configuration of golf GTI, a variety of intelligent configurations make consumers more convenient and worry-free.

In terms of power, as a small steel gun, its power performance is naturally the most concerned by everyone. The new car is equipped with a 2.0T engine, with a maximum power of 162kw, a maximum horsepower of 220 horsepower and a peak torque of 350 Nm. With the DQ381 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox, the speed-up time of 100 kilometers is only 7.2 seconds. It can be seen that the performance of this new car is very strong. In terms of chassis, the new Golf GTI has also updated the subframe, reinforced bearing, front double wishbone suspension stabilizer, front six-piston brake system and ceramic front brake disc, and the ground clearance of the chassis is reduced by 25mm compared with the ordinary version of golf. It is equipped with suspension system, brand-new shock absorber and valve system, which are unique to the new golf GTI, improving the driving quality and meeting the performance needs of young people.

Write at the end:

The appearance of the 2023 Volkswagen Golf GTI has attracted the attention and heated discussion of the majority of riders. Its strong performance, sporty appearance and interior design, high-quality driving experience and other aspects show its strong quality. The new Volkswagen Golf GTI not only continues the excellent tradition in the past, but also injects more innovation and high-tech configuration, making it a good choice for young consumers.

　　According to Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News and other media reports, Copernicus Climate Change Service, the European Union’s climate monitoring agency, said on the 5th that September this year was the hottest September on record, and the global average surface temperature was 16.38 degrees Celsius, 0.93 degrees Celsius higher than the average in the same period from 1991 to 2020, and 0.5 degrees Celsius higher than the previous hottest September, that is, September 2020. 2023 may become the hottest year on record.

　　On July 13, 2022, in the glass pyramid square of the Louvre Museum in Paris, France, a woman put iced mineral water on her face to relieve the heat (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

　　The high temperature weather is spread all over the world mainly because the ocean temperature has been abnormally high and continuous since spring.

　　According to Copernicus Climate Change Service, September 2023 is the "most abnormal warm month" since 1940. The global average temperature in this month is 1.75 degrees Celsius higher than that in September from 1850 to 1900 (before industrialization). The earliest data collected by ERA5, a meteorological database in european centre for medium-range weather forecasts, was recorded in 1940.

　　The Associated Press quoted Carlo Buontempo, director of Copernicus Climate Change Service Bureau, as saying that the temperature in September this year was "amazing" and "there has never been a month like this in our records".

　　According to the report "Global Climate Status" released by the World Meteorological Organization, 2016 is the hottest year on record. Copernicus Climate Change Service predicts that this record will be broken this year.

　　The global average temperature from January to September this year was 1.4 degrees Celsius higher than that from 1850 to 1900, 0.52 degrees Celsius higher than that from 1991 to 2020, and 0.05 degrees Celsius higher than that in 2016.

　　Buontempo said that this year’s hot weather has spread all over the world, mainly because the ocean temperature has been abnormally high since spring and has not dropped to the usual level in September. He believes that the El Ni? o phenomenon has played a certain role in the high global temperature this year, but the greater impact is the overall warming trend.

　　Copernicus Climate Change Service said that in September this year, the average sea surface temperature from 60 degrees north latitude to 60 degrees south latitude reached 20.92 degrees Celsius, the highest in the same period on record, second only to the highest record set in August this year.

　　According to the Paris Agreement reached in 2015, all parties will strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, control the global average temperature increase within 2 degrees Celsius compared with the pre-industrial level, and make efforts to control the temperature increase within 1.5 degrees Celsius.

　　There are frequent island fires, and the summer temperatures in many islands are above average.

　　At the beginning of September this year, the website of Spain’s Confidential newspaper mentioned in the report that one month after the summer solstice, the Greek islands of Crete, Corfu and Evia caught fire on all sides. The fire destroyed more than 14,000 hectares of land and killed more than 20 people. A few days later, another island caught fire, and this time it was Sicily’s turn. At the same time, on the other side of the globe, Maui Island (located in the Hawaiian Islands) was also burned into ruins. The fire killed 115 people, and with the rescue work, the death toll will rise. Just when Spain thought there would be no more fires this summer, another fire broke out on Tenerife Island, which turned into the worst fire this summer. All fires have one thing in common: they originated from the island. This is unusual. So what are the causes of all these fires?

　　On September 7, in Washington, DC, a man drank water to resist the hot weather. (Source: Xinhua News Agency)

　　Summer temperatures in Tenerife, Hawaii, Sicily and Crete are all above average. However, this is not the only reason for these fires. Experts pointed out that in recent years, fires occurred in dry conditions and also in bad weather conditions.

　　Although all these fires seem to be more like a coincidence, scientific observation stations have not observed any coincidence or fixed pattern in the course of several recent fires. Experts pointed out that many meteorological factors may lead to this situation. In the next few months or years, or there will be a study to analyze this in detail.

　　On the other hand, Hawaii, Tenerife and Sicily are all volcanic islands, so it is easier to ignite fires to some extent. They themselves have a historic fire mechanism, which depends on their volcanic activity. Another reason is that these islands are rugged, and once a fire breaks out, it is more difficult to put it out. The wind that affects the island is also much stronger than that on the mainland. In addition, in the process of reducing agricultural and forestry production, such as in Hawaii or Canary Islands, the reduction of land management means that the population is highly concentrated in coastal areas, because it is more suitable for developing tourism. However, there is a lack of management inside the island, neither agricultural management nor forestry management. Once a fire breaks out, these areas are easily affected by such disasters.

　　Experts point out that there will be many fires in the future, and all kinds of environments will be affected by them, including urban areas, which people thought would be spared more or less. Scientists’ predictions seem to be getting more and more accurate — — The summer of the earth will be shrouded in fire. And the "perfect storm" that brought all this is not accidental. All indications show that climate change is the main reason for the increasingly destructive, frequent, unpredictable and violent fires every year.

　　Jimu News integrates Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News and Reference News Network, etc.