What’s wrong with children with internet addiction? Parents and society are used to judging surmise from the perspective of adults, but rarely listen to the real thoughts of "Internet addiction teenagers".

　　Recently, the reporter interviewed nearly 10 teenagers with relevant information. More than half of the children said that the so-called "Internet addiction" is a way for them to escape the pressure of reality.

　　As early as 2005, this newspaper reported that some children were "forced" into Internet cafes by their parents. The report quoted the latest research results of experts at that time, pointing out that the bad family relationship model has become an important fuse for teenagers’ "Internet addiction". Under the "double attack" of school and family, children seeking spiritual liberation are "forced" to enter Internet cafes to drown their sorrows.

　　From being "forced" into the Internet cafe to being "forced" close to the mobile phone. More than 10 years have passed, and the great progress of communication technology has made it more convenient for people to contact the internet, and it has also made the internet more attractive to children objectively. Children with internet addiction don’t need to walk into Internet cafes, so they can immediately enter the "addiction" state with a mobile phone. In September this year, Lin Lu, academician of China Academy of Sciences and president of Peking University Sixth Hospital, pointed out that half of the children have problems such as relationship with their parents, school work, attention deficit disorder, anxiety or depression behind their heavy dependence on the Internet. According to statistics, the incidence of teenagers’ over-dependence on the Internet is 6% all over the world, but it is slightly higher in China, approaching 10%.

　　— — notes preceding the text of a book or following the title of an article

　　Xiao Xu grabbed the mobile phone, snapped it, and lost it. In a rage, he chose to run away from home … …

　　Before the Spring Festival this year, my father saw Xiao Xu, a sophomore, playing games with his mobile phone. In addition, he found that he was in puppy love, and he was so angry that he clashed with his son.

　　The relationship between Xiao Xu and his parents has also broken down. He chose to run away from home, do odd jobs during the day, go to Internet cafes at night and go home occasionally. When his parents found him, the more educated he was, the more disgusted Xiao Xu was. "I don’t know why, I am very annoyed with them, and I won’t listen to what they say."

　　After a long chat, Xiao Xu trusted the reporter before talking about his "life experience". He used to be a left-behind child, his parents worked in Guangzhou, and he lived in Nanchang with his grandparents. As the eldest grandson of the family, grandpa dotes on him very much, and one third of his pension is spent on him.

　　It was not until he was in the second grade of primary school that his parents came back to take care of him. Xiao Xu told reporters that his parents suddenly went home, which made him uncomfortable. On the one hand, parents don’t know about their own growth and don’t know how to educate their children at all. On the other hand, they only care about their grades, and if they don’t get good grades, they will beat and scold them. The rude education method is hard for him to accept.

　　In elementary school and junior high school, Xiao Xu was able to compromise, but in high school, he couldn’t agree with his parents’ ideas, and the parent-child relationship broke down.

　　"I don’t have Internet addiction, that is, my personal self-control is relatively poor and I don’t want to face my parents." Xiao Xu explained.

　　In the interview, the reporter found that this group of teenagers have two things in common: first, the children were identified by their parents as having "Internet addiction", but they denied it; Second, the society changes rapidly, and children grow up rapidly, but the family education concept of parents is relatively stagnant. Once the relationship between the two sides deteriorates and children choose to escape from their families, the most "convenient" channel and means is to indulge in the Internet.

　　Used to be a left-behind child: only by being an anchor can you find friends.

　　The thin bear’s eyes show melancholy. Although he is less than 14 years old, his voice sounds like an adult, and it doesn’t matter if he has a little Jianghu atmosphere. He said that his parents left him the deepest impression that his father came back from other places on his birthday a few years ago, and his father divorced his mother after a family of three got together and ate the birthday cake.

　　He "spent his childhood quarreling with his parents". The primary school curriculum is simple, and his grades are good. In the fifth and sixth grades, he ignored his parents’ quarrels, picked up his mobile phone and played games, choosing to be isolated from the world. In junior high school, his grades dropped from the top of his class to the bottom, just like his confidence in life, which plummeted.

　　In the eyes of his parents, he is a typical "Internet addiction teenager". After coming back from school, he finishes his homework, takes a nap, gets up at one or two o’clock to play with his mobile phone, plays until three or four o’clock, and then continues to sleep.

　　Tinnitus, dizziness, listlessness … … Long-term overdraft health, the body lit up a red light, bear also knows that this is not appropriate, but why do you do this? He gave a surprising reason — — Make money.

　　"Doing live games to make money, I want to be independent as soon as possible. I don’t have Internet addiction." He calculated an account for the reporter. After a month, he usually earned several hundred yuan and more than 1,000 yuan.

　　In fact, the financial conditions of Bear’s parents are not bad. His father is a public official and his mother has a job. He usually lives with his grandmother and doesn’t have to worry about his daily expenses. Why is he so eager for money?

　　"Making money is to lend money to friends." Xiao Xiong said that after his parents divorced, their academic performance was not good, and they would beat and scold him at any time. At home, he had no one to talk to. In his own words, "I can’t find a bosom friend." At this point, he couldn’t stop sobbing and then cried.

　　"This society is very realistic! Since my poor academic performance, there have been fewer friends in school. " He said that although he knows that money can’t buy friends, once he doesn’t give money, the new friends will disperse and the friendship will not last long. But he also values this feeling of having friends for a while.

　　Compared with going to school, the role of the game anchor attracted him more. Hundreds of people listened to his explanation, others brushed gifts for him, some paid attention to it, and some praised it. The virtual scene made him feel safe and warm.

　　What is the meaning of life? Not interested in reading, he designed his own way out is to engage in the anchor industry. He said: "Being an anchor relieves my pressure, I can relax and chat, and I can make money and be satisfied."

　　If parents’ attitude improves, can they study hard again? Facing this question, the bear was silent for a while and replied, "I don’t know if I can go back."

　　Outsiders will mistakenly think that teenagers who are addicted to the internet will be more naive. In fact, in the course of the interview, the reporter found that some of the children, like bears, are very thoughtful and sensitive, and even show maturity beyond their age. In the final analysis, the life experience of left-behind children makes them lack love for a long time.

　　Children in exam-oriented education: I don’t know how to deal with subtle emotional problems

　　Handsome Hu Ningning doesn’t talk much and likes to laugh. He is a college student in a famous university in Southwest China. In the eyes of parents, he has typical symptoms of "Internet addiction". He said that he began to skip class in his freshman year, and then he didn’t understand the course, so he played games and watched cartoons in the dormitory.

　　During the in-depth communication, he revealed the secret information in his heart — — He’s gay. The "Internet addiction problem" encountered also stems from a failed same-sex friend-making during college.

　　"When I was in adolescence, I found that I liked the same sex. At that time, I was particularly scared. I felt that this was wrong and I kept suppressing myself." Hu Ningning said that the pace of junior high school learning was tense and he didn’t think much about it.

　　When he arrived at the university, Hu Ningning joined the gay friends group, where he met a junior and began to associate. Later, the two rented a house and lived together. "I often lost my temper, stayed together for half a year, often quarreled, and finally broke up."

　　He talked about this relationship, and for more than a year, he didn’t come out, waited for redemption, and considered suicide. Without a friend to talk to, he didn’t know how to deal with it, so he had to play games to avoid emotional failure.

　　Indulging in games and not attending classes, the teacher also tried to persuade, but in vain, he had to call his parents. Later, he chose to take a year off school.

　　"My relationship with my parents is particularly poor and conflicts often occur." Hu Ningning said that the most unbearable thing for him to lock himself in the house and play games during the day is his parents’ nagging.

　　He feels that his parents have a utilitarian side. In the past, he only asked for good academic performance and was admitted to the university, so he could change his fate. Everything else didn’t matter. He doesn’t have to touch the housework, and he is not allowed to associate with students with poor grades. As long as he is immersed in his studies, everything will be fine.

　　In the face of utilitarian doting, he will also please his parents with excellent grades. Invisible, he found that the price he paid was low living ability and fragile emotional problems. He lacks basic resilience rather than emotional failure.

　　In this not-so-rich family, his parents set up a greenhouse to care for him, but in exchange, he hated his parents.

　　Children without fatherly love: curious about the pursuit of the opposite sex

　　Luo Xiao, a 15-year-old girl from Zhejiang, said, "If you don’t wear makeup, there is no point in living.". She is tall and looks seventeen or eighteen. When she was 5 years old, her parents divorced, and since then she has lived with her grandmother. In the eyes of her family, this is a difficult child to discipline.

　　Her greatest pleasure lies in putting on makeup, playing live broadcast, recording small videos, interacting with friends, drinking milk tea, shopping and singing in KTV. What she can’t stand is going to school and feeling bored.

　　Once, my mother was in a hurry, locked her in the house and ordered her not to go out. Luo Xiao couldn’t hold it any longer and climbed down the fourth floor from the window. "Bad girl" is a label that others once labeled her.

　　Many boys in the society pursue Luo Xiao. She said, "This is a happy thing". Her criteria for choosing love are simple. She likes a boy who can take care of people and must be handsome.

　　At the age of thirteen, Luo Xiao had sex with a boy for the first time. Counting, there are about 20 boys who have been in contact, ranging from two months to one or two days. At this point, her expression did not show any shyness.

　　The conflict with my mother finally broke out. Mother found a group of friends, stopped Luo Xiao and pulled her to leave. Luo Xiao didn’t agree, and her mother cried and begged her to "stop fooling around outside". Luo Xiao was sitting in the car, and her mood collapsed. She shouted at her friend who was driving, "Leave her alone and run into it!"

　　It’s not easy for Luo Xiao to know his mother. However, after the parents divorced, my father remarried and left her alone. My mother was busy with business and had little chance to meet each other. She was given 100 yuan pocket money every day. She never had a chance to talk with her parents, and she didn’t feel a little warmth.

　　Deep down, she doesn’t agree with her mother’s discipline, for example, her mother won’t let her cross her legs, "but she can’t do it herself." Luo Xiao also tried to question his mother’s answer: "Adults can, but children are not allowed."

　　Luo Xiao did not agree: "She can’t do what she wants from me. Why should I do it?"

　　Girls who are addicted to the internet have almost the same life experience — — Dad has been away for a long time, lacking father’s love and social support, and they are in contact with boys with a curious attitude. Their understanding of love is vague, and they seek care from the opposite sex by imitating adults.

　　(The names in this article are all pseudonyms.)

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online Reporter Zhang Zheng

　　CCTV News:Zhao Chunhua, 51, who lives in Hebei District, Tianjin, set up a shooting booth on the street to play balloons for two months. He was suddenly arrested by the police not long ago. On December 27, 2016, the court of Hebei District, Tianjin held the first instance.For the crime of illegal possession of firearmsSentence Zhao Chunhua.Three years and six months in prison.. What’s going on here?

△ Tricycle for Zhao Chunhua Balloon Shooting Booth.

　　The old lady put a shooting stall on the street. The police seized 6 guns for illegal possession.

　　Zhao Chunhua’s daughter, Wang Yanling, told reporters that her mother divorced her father a few years ago and she lived with her mother. Zhao Chunhua used to sell rice in the factory. In August 2016, Zhao Chunhua resigned and took over the shooting booth from an old man. He used a toy gun to hit the balloon. "It is the kind of common plastic bullet, and the gun is also that kind of plastic gun."

　　Wang Yanling said that because stalls were not allowed during the day, Zhao Chunhua set up stalls at eight or nine o’clock every night, and then closed the stalls at about twelve o’clock in the evening. After about two months, nothing happened.

△ Zhao Chunhua’s stall.

　　At around 22: 00 on October 12, 2016, Zhao Chunhua was suddenly arrested. According to the first-instance judgment of the case, the court found through trial that the public security organs arrested Zhao Chunhua during the inspection, and seized 9 guns involved and related gun accessories and plastic bullets on the spot, which were appraised by the Tianjin Public Security Bureau’s Material Evidence Appraisal Center.Six of the nine guns involved are guns powered by compressed gas that can normally fire..

　　In the first instance, the court sentenced him to three and a half years for illegal possession of firearms.

　　The People’s Procuratorate of Hebei District accused Zhao Chunhua of illegally holding six guns powered by compressed gas in violation of the state’s gun control system, and the circumstances were serious, so he should be investigated for criminal responsibility for the crime of illegal possession of guns.

　　On December 27, 2016, the Hebei District Court made a first-instance judgment on the Zhao Chunhua case. The court held that,Zhao Chunhua violated the state’s gun management system and illegally held guns. The circumstances are serious, which has constituted the crime of illegal possession of guns.; Zhao Chunhua voluntarily pleaded guilty in court and can be given a lighter punishment as appropriate; Defender’s defense opinion that Zhao Chunhua has a frank plot, is a first-time offender and has a good attitude of pleading guilty was adopted by the court as appropriate. In the first instance, the Hebei District Court convicted Zhao Chunhua of illegal possession of firearms and sentenced him to 3 years and 6 months’ imprisonment.

△ Zhao Chunhua

　　Appeal against the judgment has entrusted an attorney.

　　However, on January 1 this year, the reporter learned from Zhao Chunhua’s daughter Wang Yanling that her mother had filed an appeal, and the second trial had entrusted Xu Xin, an attorney for the case of Liu Dawei’s smuggling of weapons (Liu Dawei bought 24 imitation guns online in the BB Gun Zone of a website in Taiwan Province in 2014, and the goods were seized by the customs, and Liu Dawei was sentenced to life). Wang Yanling said that she had signed a power of attorney with Xu Xin on January 1, 2017. Next, the lawyer will do some work on evidence, such as the identification of the case, whether the evidence collection procedure is legal or flawed, and so on.

　　According to the "Regulations on Performance Appraisal of Firearms and Ammunition Involved in Cases by Public Security Organs" issued by the Ministry of Public Security in 2010, non-standard firearms that can’t fire standard ammunition are all recognized as firearms when the muzzle specific kinetic energy of the projectile fired is greater than or equal to 1.8 Joule/cm2. According to the relevant gun certificate, the six guns operated by Zhao Chunhua can normally fire the matching projectiles powered by compressed gas, and the muzzle specific kinetic energy ranges from 2.17 Joule/cm2 to 3.14 Joule/cm2. This has exceeded the standard set by the Ministry of Public Security.

　　Why does the Ministry of Public Security take the muzzle specific kinetic energy as the standard of 1.8 Joule/cm2 or more? In this regard, according to the research results of the forensic science appraisal department of Nanjing Public Security Bureau and related literature, there is a view that 1.8 Joule/cm2 is the critical point of gun appraisal, which means that it can cause minor injuries or more to the human eyes, the most vulnerable part of the human body. It is determined by experiments that when the muzzle specific kinetic energy reaches 1.8 Joule/cm2, it will cause damage to the naked eyes of the human body. However, there are also views that this standard is relatively low, because the eye part is special, and this muzzle specific kinetic energy will hardly cause damage to other parts.

　　Xu Xin believes that Zhao Chunhua has no subjective intention to commit a crime, and the social harm is small. He will question whether the gun appraisal standard formulated by the Ministry of Public Security is applicable in court judgment when defending.

△ data map

　　There are precedents for being sentenced for setting up balloon shooting booths.

　　The reporter found that Zhao Chunhua was not the first case to be investigated for criminal responsibility for the crime of illegal possession of firearms for setting up a balloon shooting booth. There were 23 similar cases all over the country, among which 17 cases were sentenced to probation, 3 cases were sentenced to public surveillance, and only 3 cases were sentenced to actual punishment.

　　All three cases that were sentenced to actual punishment occurred in Fangshan, Beijing.

　　Zheng, a woman, runs a simulated gun and balloons business in Shidu Town, Fangshan District, Beijing. On July 7, 2015, the public security organs seized 23 guns in their stalls. After being appraised by the Beijing Public Security Judicial Appraisal Center, 16 of them were identified as guns powered by compressed gas, and the other 7 could not be identified as guns. The court sentenced Zheng to three years and six months in prison for the crime of illegal possession of firearms.

　　In addition, Song and Zheng Mouhua, who were investigated together, were also sentenced to three years and two months and three years and three months respectively.

　　Watch more news

　　NEWS MORE

　　Paragraph 1 of Article 128 of the Criminal Law: Whoever illegally holds or hides guns and ammunition in violation of the regulations on gun control shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years, criminal detention or public surveillance; If the circumstances are serious, they shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years.

　　Article 5, paragraph 2, of the Supreme People’s Court’s Interpretation on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Laws in the Trial of Criminal Cases of Illegal Manufacturing, Trading and Transportation of Firearms, Ammunition and Explosives: In any of the following circumstances, it belongs to "serious circumstances" as stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 128 of the Criminal Law:

　　(a) illegal possession and possession of more than two military guns;

　　(2) Illegally holding or hiding two or more non-military guns that fire bullets with gunpowder or five or more other non-military guns that are powered by compressed gas;

　　(3) illegally holding or hiding more than 100 military bullets, more than 5,000 air gun lead bullets or more than 1,000 other non-military bullets;

　　(four) illegal possession, possession of more than three grenades;

　　(5) Having reached the minimum quantity standard stipulated in the first paragraph of this article, and having other bad circumstances such as causing serious consequences.

　　(Source: Beiqing Daily The Paper)

CCTV News:Following Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, cherries imported from a vegetable wholesale market in Shijiazhuang have also tested positive for nucleic acid recently. Shijiazhuang Municipal Market Supervision Administration issued the "Emergency Notice on Suspending Imported Fruits in the City". From January 24th, the food production and business operation units in Shijiazhuang suspended the purchase of imported fruits. The county market supervision and management bureaus carry out comprehensive investigations on the enterprises that store, process, produce and sell imported fruits within their respective jurisdictions, and all the imported fruits sold on shelves in the whole city shall be sealed off the shelves, and all the imported fruits in existing stocks shall be sealed on the spot.

Although Shijiazhuang officially announced on January 25th that after re-inspection of relevant products and personnel, the test results were all negative, and no COVID-19 virus was found. As soon as the news that many imported cherries were positive came out, many consumers were worried that imported cherries could still be eaten with confidence. What does it mean that its nucleic acid test is positive?

Wu Zunyou, chief epidemiologist of China CDC, said that nucleic acid positivity is not the same as infectivity: on the one hand, the temperature of preserved fruits is higher than that of frozen fish and other foods, and the virus has a short survival time at the temperature of preserved fruits; On the other hand, the nucleic acid test is positive, which may be a live virus or a dead virus or virus fragment, and it is not necessarily contagious. Wu Zunyou reminded that as long as you pay attention to hand hygiene and wash with running water before eating fruit, there should be no risk of infection.

Feng Zijian, deputy director of the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, also said that positive detection does not mean infection with the virus. "It depends on the amount of pollution, and whether the polluted virus is active." Take Wuxi as an example. The imported cherries in Wuxi are positive for nucleic acid, and the virus load is very low, which will not cause too much infection risk to consumers. Feng Zijian said that people engaged in food processing or handling were infected before because they had been exposed to the virus for a long time and many times. For consumers, imported fruits generally do not cause infection, and they can be safely eaten after cleaning.

The Lantern Festival is approaching, and the food for family reunion is naturally indispensable. Although Yuanxiao is delicious, it is a high-sugar and high-calorie food. Experts from Changsha CDC reminded that people with "three highs" should eat Yuanxiao as little as possible, and healthy people should also pay attention to healthy eating, so don’t be willful.

Experts remind that the skin of Yuanxiao is sticky, the stuffing is high in sugar and calories, and some of them also contain high fat, which is not easy to digest, so it is not suitable to eat more. In cooking techniques, many people like crispy and delicious fried Yuanxiao, but after high-temperature frying, the oil content of Yuanxiao is higher and more difficult to digest, so it is best to cook it. It is suggested that eating Yuanxiao with green leafy vegetables and other foods rich in dietary fiber can not only reduce the viscosity of food balls in the digestive tract, but also improve the greasy feeling caused by Yuanxiao stuffing. In addition, glutinous rice is the main raw material of Yuanxiao skin, which is more difficult to digest after cooling, so it should be eaten while it is hot, and the intake of staple food should be reduced after eating Yuanxiao.

Experts also reminded that people with hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other "three highs", patients with coronary heart disease and acute gastroenteritis should eat less Yuanxiao, so as not to aggravate the condition. Old people and infants with weak chewing, swallowing and digestive functions should also eat Yuanxiao as little as possible, and guardians should pay special attention to them not to be stuck in the esophagus and trachea. (Reporter Peng Fang correspondent Cao Kezhen)

    There are still 15 days before the opening of the 14th National Winter Games. The Ergun Band calls out netizens and invites everyone to come to Inner Mongolia in winter to experience the different beauty of prairies, forests, deserts, lakes and rivers.

    Reporter: Ye Ziyan.

    Reporter: Yu Guang Tian Haolin

    Ye Ziyan studio

    Produced by Audio and Video Department of Xinhua News Agency

　　Food, clothing, housing and transportation are the basic needs of life, among which "living" is regarded as just needed by many people. These two days, there was an interesting meeting, which was closely related to "living".

　　The video and telephone conference on accelerating the development of affordable rental housing and further improving the regulation of the real estate market held on the 22nd reiterated that the house should be used for living, not for speculation, and the real estate should not be used as a short-term means to stimulate the economy.

　　The positioning of "staying in the house and not speculating" continued to consolidate, which made many people eat "reassuring".

　　The picture shows a commercial house near Madang Road in Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Fei photo

　　Whether buying a house, renting a house or building a house, it is inseparable from money. Therefore, real estate finance is a key link in the implementation of "housing without speculation".

　　In recent years, China has accelerated the establishment and improvement of a long-term mechanism for real estate financial management, especially under the guidance of the "three lines and four files" rule and the real estate loan concentration management system, many housing enterprises have become more cautious and self-disciplined, and the concentration of real estate loans and personal housing loans of banking financial institutions has steadily decreased.

　　In June, the sales price increase of commercial housing in 70 large and medium-sized cities showed a steady and declining trend as a whole; At the same time, at the end of June, the growth rate of RMB real estate loans in China dropped by 2.2 percentage points from the end of last year.

　　It can be seen that the regulatory policies, including real estate financial policies, have been effective, the real estate credit environment in some cities has changed, and the price increase has stabilized.

　　What is the "sharp weapon" that can make regulation so immediate? How do the "three lines and four gears" rule and the real estate loan concentration management system play a role? Come and get to know it.

　　To promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market, first of all, real estate enterprises need to be healthy. However, some real estate enterprises are greedy for perfection and blindly expand, and the financial indicators of core operations are "red light", which also leads to the phenomenon of high leverage and high debt in the real estate industry.

　　In order to enhance the marketization, regularity and transparency of financing for real estate enterprises, in August last year, the People’s Bank of China, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and relevant departments formed the fund monitoring and financing management rules for key real estate enterprises, that is, the "three lines and four files" rules.

　　The "three lines" are actually "three red lines", which specifically refer to: the asset-liability ratio is greater than 70%, the net debt ratio is greater than 100%, and the cash short-term debt ratio is less than 1 times after excluding advance payments.

　　According to the situation of stepping on the line, real estate enterprises are divided into four grades: red, orange, yellow and green: the scale of interest-bearing liabilities of "red-file" enterprises cannot be higher than the existing level; The annual growth rate of interest-bearing liabilities of "orange file" enterprises shall not exceed 5%; "Yellow file" enterprises shall not exceed 10%; "Green file" enterprises shall not exceed 15%.

　　With a clear "three lines and four gears", housing enterprises must meet the corresponding requirements and constantly optimize financial indicators if they want to raise funds. This is equivalent to a "physical examination" of the financial health of housing enterprises to help them better improve their financial management.

　　Behind health is self-discipline. When the financing behavior of housing enterprises is more prudent and self-disciplined, the overall operation tends to be stable. Having tasted the sweetness, more and more real estate enterprises have joined the ranks of "self-discipline". At the beginning of the pilot, the central bank selected 12 representative real estate enterprises as the pilot targets, and at the beginning of this year it expanded to 30 real estate enterprises with large debts.

　　Zou Lan, director of the Financial Market Department of the People’s Bank of China, said that the "three-line and four-gear" rule is effective from the situation and reactions from all walks of life in the past year. The three core operating financial indicators of the pilot enterprises, namely, asset-liability ratio, net debt ratio and short-term cash debt ratio, have obviously improved, and the debt scale has steadily declined. Many other real estate enterprises outside the pilot also actively benchmark the rules and optimize their own business practices.

　　The picture shows a qionghai city resident passing by an advertising slogan in front of a bank. Xinhua news agency

　　In addition to keeping an eye on the demand side, financing management cannot ignore the supply side. In addition to monitoring and managing the liabilities of housing enterprises, the People’s Bank of China also strengthens the management of banking financial institutions — — Formulate the management system of real estate loan concentration.

　　The system sets "two red lines" for the balance of real estate loans and the balance of personal housing loans for different types and sizes of banking institutions. The former ranges from 40% to 12.5%, while the latter ranges from 32.5% to 7.5%.

　　As the saying goes, eggs can’t be put in one basket. Bank credit should also focus on structural optimization, which is not only related to the risk of the institution itself, but also of great significance to the healthy and steady development of the whole economy.

　　Since the implementation of the system, the concentration of real estate loans and personal housing loans of banking financial institutions has steadily decreased. The data shows that at the end of June, the growth rate of China’s real estate development loan balance and personal housing loan balance dropped by 3.3 and 1.6 percentage points respectively compared with the end of the previous year.

　　In Zou Lan’s view, while the real estate loan business is subject to certain constraints, commercial banks have put more energy into supporting small and micro, "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and other weak economic links, while the proportion of loans in key areas such as manufacturing and technological innovation has been improved.

　　The data shows that at the end of June, the balance of China’s Pratt & Whitney small and micro loans increased by 31% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 18.7 percentage points higher than that of various loans in the same period; The balance of medium and long-term loans in manufacturing industry increased by 41.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 16.9 percentage points higher than the same period of last year.

　　The People’s Bank of China said that the next step will continue to adhere to the positioning that houses are used for living, not for speculation, implement a long-term real estate mechanism, constantly improve the "three lines and four files" rules and the centralized management system of real estate loans, do a good job in policy implementation, improve the resilience and stability of the financial system, and promote the balanced development of finance, real estate and the real economy.

　　To firmly grasp the key of real estate finance, we must continue to strictly implement the "sharp weapon" of regulation and control, manage the supply and demand ends of real estate finance, and make the regulation and control policies more precise, which will not only accurately crack down on real estate speculation, but also better meet the needs. (Reporter Wu Yu)