Recently, fans of KUN, a new traffic star who debuted from Idol Trainee, made a mistake. The reason is that the number of Weibo fans in KUN has exceeded 7 million. He sent a Weibo saying, "How about dyeing black hair as welfare?" After Weibo was sent out, the netizen "@ I’m Chen Hongyu" forwarded it and said, "Why do some people on this planet think that dyeing their hair is a welfare for others? God XX is crazy. "

Although the netizen’s spit is not friendly enough, it is estimated that he did not expect that he would be so seriously bullied by fans in the future. Some fans searched for photos of this passerby and his school "civil aviation university of china", and they were crazy about @ civil aviation university of china. Even some fans have entered the extreme state of "scolding whoever they catch". For example, some netizens just commented on the netizen’s Weibo, and they were also insulted by fans. In the end, @ I’m Chen Hongyu, who couldn’t resist the fierce attack of fans, sent two Weibo apologies in succession, stressing that he meant no harm, just teasing, "Please forgive me, fans and friends".

The essence of rice circles: the collective possession of idols by fans

What is a rice circle? In fact, it is the abbreviation of fan circle and fan group. Fans of a certain star together to form a group is a rice circle. In this circle, those who have money contribute and those who have no money contribute, and everyone does his or her job. Some people are responsible for taking photos, retouching and distributing pictures, some people are responsible for video editing, some people are responsible for judging, some people are responsible for forwarding and data … Fans invest a lot of time, money and energy just for a common goal: to make their idols better and redder.

To understand the rice circle’s unrepentant dedication to idols, we must first start with the characteristics of idols. In any developed entertainment industry, people in the entertainment industry can be divided into two categories: those who eat by strength and those who eat by face value. We call the former an actor/singer, and the latter a star. In essence, the entertainment industry is a consumer market, artists are commodities, and fans are consumers.

For an actor, his commercial value lies in his acting skills and the quality of his works, such as Li Xuejian, WU GANG and Qin Hao. They don’t have many crazy fans. Their excellent acting skills guarantee the quality of film and television dramas, and producers, TV stations and audiences all recognize them. The general audience will generally not know more about them than the text of the film and TV series itself.

For idols, it is not the case. Idols have no works, or they are only works. Some idols have nothing but a pair of beautiful skins. Why does he get the love of so many people? Because idols belong to fans, all his popularity depends on their support. Fans buy his records, watch his movies, buy his endorsement products, forward his Weibo, control the negative rumors about him on the Internet, create traffic for idols and strive for more performance opportunities because idols give fans an illusion: my success depends on your support bit by bit, and you are honored with any glory that belongs to me; I belong to you, I was born to meet your needs.

In Japan and South Korea, where the entertainment industry is highly developed, actors/singers and idols have long been different occupations, and they each have a strict training system. Actors don’t need to maintain "personal design" because he speaks by works, but idols have the requirement of "personal design". His smiles and every move must satisfy the fantasy of fans. Sh? Sakurai, a member of Tian Tuanlan, a Japanese national, explained "What is an idol" and "Idol is a profession selling dreams", which is right.

Nine percent of the "occasional practice" returned to China and hundreds of fans ran to pick up the plane.

Therefore, the essence of rice circles is actually a brand-new idol-fan relationship, and the essence of this relationship is the collective possession of idols by fans; The essence of idols is "to provide fans with an imaginative intimacy". Some scholars further define idols as a "database that provides imaginary materials about intimate relationships". Based on the data in this database, fans can choose and customize the image of idols themselves. Some people are "girlfriend powder", some are "mother powder" and some are "sister powder". But no matter what kind of powder, idols have become the carrier of some kind of intimate relationship.

It is in this sense that the fan welfare given by idols has been given different connotations. To outsiders, it’s no big deal for an idol to take a selfie on Weibo, say "good night" and dye his black hair, but for fans who are in imaginary close relationship with the idol, it’s "welfare", what’s important is daily companionship, which is to please others and is no different from falling in love.

Crazy rice circles: how to polarize rice circles

The emergence and development of rice circle culture has indeed brought many positive effects to the entertainment industry. For example, it has changed the traditional star-making mode, given fans more power, and is more conducive to the iteration and update of idols in the entertainment industry. However, the KUN fan incident has also become a microcosm of the crazy rice circle. On social networks, we often see one after another cyber violence caused by fans of some idols.

Fans support idols out of love, of course. The question is why this love has repeatedly evolved into cyber violence against others.

This is related to the reception of rice circle information and the closing and homogenization of values. There is an "information stratosphere" effect here That is to say, when receiving information, the audience always pays attention to information that is consistent with their original ideas, attitudes and values, or that they need to care about. At the same time, they will actively reject or avoid information that is inconsistent with their own ideas or has nothing to do with themselves: the direction of information flow is similar to that of the stratosphere. For rice circles, the information they receive every day is all about the good things of idols, and they are very wary and exclusive of all kinds of negative news about idols. This has led to the so-called "blowing with closed eyes" phenomenon, which means that no matter what idols do or how they do, fans can praise the sky.

Over time, they fell into the "information cocoon room". The information that fans are exposed to every day seems endless, but in fact, they are trapped in an island that can only accommodate the praise of idols, and it is difficult to accept any heterogeneous information. This will not only lead to the narrowness of individuals, the loss of individual judgment, and the misunderstanding of the real environment, but also may lead to the polarization of views and the polarization of network groups. This is why many rice circles are like a hedgehog with fried hair, stabbing people everywhere. Where there are bad reviews about idols, they must think that someone is deliberately framing idols. They must act quickly to fight back, and a vast network of violence has happened.

Moreover, rice circles, as a kind of "group", also have some group characteristics. Gustave Le Bon, a French social psychologist, pointed out in Mob that once you join a group, individuals will become impulsive, reckless and extreme. The reason and mechanism of this earth-shaking change lies in that once an individual joins a group and takes action, first of all, he/she will feel unprecedented power, and the crowd has overwhelming power, and the individual will feel this power immediately after joining the group, which is completely absent when everyone exists in isolation; Secondly, the individual’s sense of responsibility disappears rapidly, because he/she will feel that his/her responsibility is dispersed to a large number of people, and it tends to be zero for him/her personally; Third, in a group, members’ knowledge level, reasoning ability and value orientation are very different. Because of the huge number and short time, it is completely impossible for members to have a rational debate. Only by conforming to the belief of the greatest common divisor of the crowd in knowledge level, thinking ability and value orientation can the group take action, and these beliefs of the greatest common divisor are inevitably simple and primitive.

Le Pen’s analysis of the disadvantages of groups is quite obvious in rice circles. Many rice circle fans are younger, generally under the age of 18. Their values are immature, their thoughts are not rational enough, and they can easily become reckless, impulsive and violent under the noise of the group, and they lack accurate prediction of the responsibility and consequences of their actions. This leads them not to solve conflicts calmly and rationally, but to join the group and become a violent member, trying to reverse the trend of public opinion by various extreme methods.

Rice circles are not original sin, but don’t forget the original intention.

As a profession, it is normal for idols to give up some personal privacy and accept public evaluation, because all these are the attributes of this profession itself. However, in the deformed rice circle culture, idols can only accept public praise, and no bad reviews can appear. Whoever gives bad reviews to idols must have ulterior motives. Another important reason for this cognitive dislocation is that fans always unconsciously bring the imaginary intimate relationship between him and his idol into the public sphere.

Fans treat idols as lovers and relatives, and set a set of strict code of conduct in the rice circle, such as not discussing any news that has not been officially announced, not accepting bundling and gossip, and not spreading photos of private trips. This kind of boxing love is understandable. The problem is that fans can abide by it as much as they like in the rice circle, but they are not qualified to ask other passers-by in the public sphere to abide by it. Idol is a lover in the eyes of fans, but in the eyes of passers-by, he is an ordinary entertainer, a gossip, a talk about capital and an anecdote. This is like your Xiong Haizi. You can be a treasure, but you can’t ask other people in society to be tolerant of him everywhere.

Paradoxically, fans think they love idols, and they do not hesitate to launch cyber violence in order to maintain the image of idols. As everyone knows, their actions are just smearing idols. After the fan incident in KUN, there was a lot of criticism on the Internet. Many passers-by said, "Now I have no desire to know anything about KUN". "Fans’ behavior, idols pay the bill", a common saying in rice circles, is still the unchanging truth that summarizes such incidents. It is not so easy to establish the goodwill of idols, but it can easily be defeated by the actions of fans. This is actually the risk of the idol profession. How much you rely on fans also means how likely you are to be bitten by fans. Idol will always be fettered by fans. Although it is easy to gain popularity, it must be ready to accept the consequences at any time.

The crazy behavior of some rice circles may make some people who have never been to idolize feel disgusted with the existence of rice circles, and think that rice circles are synonymous with irrationality, ignorance, brain damage and violence. In fact, there are many rational and sober fans in the rice circle. They like idols, but they just "sprout from the ground" in the rice circle and will not bring the rules of the rice circle into real life. We should criticize the madness of some rice circles, but we should not stigmatize the whole rice circle-otherwise, it is different from those irrational rice circles.

According to Yang Ling, a fan culture researcher, people think that bored and empty people will need idolize to fill themselves, but in fact, the role of idols is far from filling the vacancy, and he/she can inspire fans to find a better and more meaningful life. Yang Ling said: "I chased the stars myself. This experience prompted me to study for a PhD, and I began to pay attention to a brand-new research field. I published some research results, met many scholars in related fields at home and abroad, and even had the privilege of accepting an interview with Professor Henry Jenkins, a big cow of fan research. Idolize can be said to have changed my life. "

For many people, joining the rice circle and becoming a fan of an idol is because they have an imagination about "beauty" in the idol-"beauty" is a word that many fans use repeatedly when describing idols. Yang Ling explains "beauty" in this way: "People who have both" beauty "and" good "are extremely rare in real life. Fans have pinned their hopes for a more perfect and free utopia on people they think are’ beautiful’. In the final analysis, stars and idols are just intermediaries, and they let fans enter another transcendent world from the earth. What fans ultimately want is pleasure, recognition and a sense of belonging. "

Therefore, compared with "if it’s not my race, its heart will be different" and "fighting in the south and fighting in the north", don’t forget that "beauty" and "self-sprouting in circles" are the personal accomplishments that rice circles need urgently.

A popular word "Internet aborigines" on the Internet mainly refers to children born after 1995 who have the conditions, opportunities and ability to contact the Internet since childhood. Some children will play games and watch cartoons on their mobile phones and tablets before they learn to read. However, while enjoying the joy brought by the Internet, minors are eroded by bad information on the Internet due to their inexperience, poor discrimination and self-control, which seriously affects their study and growth, and even brings great pain to themselves and their families. In order to create a network environment conducive to the healthy growth of young people and improve their awareness of network security, the National Network Information Office launched the special work of "Nursery Nursery 2015 Online Action" and carried out a series of network security course education and public welfare activities. Next, we will analyze the "negative energy" that the network affects the physical and mental health of teenagers and the efforts made by relevant departments to build a clear cyberspace for teenagers.

"Negative Network Energy" that infringes on the physical and mental health of teenagers

cybersexObscene pornography causes "spiritual pollution" to teenagers through the internet, leading them into the path of depravity and crime. Some websites make use of teenagers’ interests in games, animation and literature to spread pornographic online games, comic series, animation videos and vulgar online literature, which makes them addicted. In some websites, naked pornographic pictures and prompt language often appear, and the animation effect of pop-up window jumps out to lure inexperienced minors to click.

　　 CyberbullyResearch institutions have done a survey, and the "campus violence" against minors in reality is now shifting to virtual networks. Because of the immature psychological development and relatively weak self-control ability, minors are easily affected by inflammatory violent online games or pictures and videos. Under the psychological effect of curiosity, minors are likely to imitate and realize in reality and eventually embark on the road of crime.

　　Internet fraudThe report shows that online part-time fraud is the most attractive to young netizens. From the types of online fraud cases encountered by young people, false shopping is the most, accounting for 34.6%, followed by online part-time, online games, account theft, and phone recharge.

　　 Online datingFrom QQ to WeChat, Weibo, Momo, and various dating websites, there are endless groups of friends for various needs. Cases of making friends online and then committing robbery, rape, extortion, illegal detention and even killing others have occurred from time to time, which has laid many hidden dangers for making friends online. It is normal for minors to make friends and chat online, but if they lack self-protection awareness, it is easy to get into trouble if they meet netizens easily.

It is urgent to educate teenagers about network security.

　　On the one hand, teenagers’ network security education should let minors firmly establish patriotic spirit and popularize the basic knowledge of national security and network security, help teenagers establish the belief of network civilization and effectively improve their awareness of self-protection. On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and management of network information security, mobilize the power of the whole society to supervise and report on Internet business activities, standardize the operation of Internet cafes to the greatest extent, crack down on black Internet cafes, and limit its negative impact on teenagers to a minimum; And ensure the security of network information from the technical level, and increase filtering and shielding bad information.

Only with the joint efforts of families, schools and friends of the same age can teenagers get online safely, in a civilized way and in accordance with the law.

Nowadays, parents have realized the great influence of the Internet on their children’s healthy growth. Parents should always pay attention to the content of their children’s online browsing, point out the harmfulness of unhealthy and uncivilized online activities that their children participate in and resolutely stop them. In addition, parents should arrange their children’s online time reasonably to avoid their children using the internet for a long time alone, and always pay attention to their use of mobile phones to surf the Internet.

Schools should carry out targeted moral education, publicity education and skill education, lay a solid foundation for teenagers’ awareness of network security, formulate norms of network behavior, and let teenagers master the ability to identify network risks. When minors are found browsing harmful information, schools and parents should pay attention to scientific methods to communicate with their children, and should not blindly ban surfing the Internet. They should be guided to use the Internet to acquire knowledge and communicate with friends and classmates correctly, and treat the harmful information on the Internet correctly.

In addition, the influence of peers should not be underestimated, especially adolescents, who attach great importance to their peers’ evaluation of themselves, so the online behavior of peer groups has a direct impact on teenagers.

National Network Information Office escorts teenagers to surf the Internet healthily.

The future of the country lies in the youth, and so does the future of the Internet. In order to create a healthy and clear cyberspace, the National Network Information Office and other relevant departments have actively cooperated to carry out a number of special actions and theme education activities aimed at youth network security and network civilization, to purify cyberspace for young people, guide them to establish and practice socialist core values, and improve their network literacy.

　　Special Work of "Nursery Seedling 2015 Online Action"

　　From May 20th to June 7th, the National Internet Information Office launched the "Nursery Nursery 2015 Online Action" nationwide, mobilized the majority of netizens to report, centralized managed key websites, key applications and key links with children as the main users, and effectively purified the network environment.

　　Protecting seedlings, as the name implies, means protecting seedlings, which means protecting minors and protecting the future and hope of the country. Instead of putting them in a greenhouse to isolate the network and society, we should create a relatively pure and vibrant network environment for them. The "Miao Miao 2015" special action is to eradicate harmful news such as obscenity, violence and terror on the internet, and provide a healthy network ecology for young people by purifying cyberspace, so as not to let them be misled by harmful information such as obscenity, violence and terror and feudal superstition.

　　The 2nd National Cyber Security Publicity Week

The 2nd National Cyber Security Publicity Week will be officially launched on June 1st International Children’s Day in 2015, and will be jointly organized by ten departments including the Central Network Information Office and the Central Editorial Office. This announcementChuanzhou focuses on the publicity and education of teenagers’ network security.Will be set upNational network security teenagers popularization of science base, start"Win in the Future" Youth Network Security Education Joint ActionCarry outYouth network security knowledge series competition and other activities.. And through aA series of network security course education and public welfare activities will promote the construction of campus legal network, improve the management level of school network security education, and cultivate young people’s awareness and good habits of green and civilized Internet access.

　　The theme education activity of "Strive to be a good youth and a civilized and law-abiding netizen"

During the May 4th Youth Day in 2015, the Central Network Information Office and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League concentrated on the publicity and education practice activities on the theme of "Strive to be a good young person and strive to be a civilized and law-abiding netizen", guiding the youth of the majority of league members to deeply understand the ardent expectations of the Supreme Leader General Secretary for the healthy growth of the younger generation, consciously practice the socialist core values in their study, work and life, and promote and spread positive energy.

In recent years, many regions and departments in China are consciously developing among teenagers.Network security knowledge contestThe integration of network security knowledge into carefully set game links has effectively mobilized the enthusiasm of teenagers to learn about Internet legal knowledge, enhanced their ability to identify and judge online information, and promoted their self-education, self-discipline and self-protection.

　　Beijing Agricultural College pays attention to the advantages of urban agricultural talents, technologies and platforms, promotes the coordinated development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the rural revitalization strategy as a whole, and carries out technical extension services around the needs of sweet potato breeding and planting in vast areas of Hebei to promote the green, high-quality and high-yield development of sweet potato industry.

　　I. Basic information

　　Hebei province is the main producing area of sweet potato in China, with a long planting history. In recent years, the planting area has stabilized at about 2 million mu. Because of drought and flood, sweet potato is called a hard-core crop by growers. However, there are still some problems in the old sweet potato planting areas in Hebei Province, such as variety degradation, extensive planting techniques, pests and diseases caused by repeated cropping for many years and so on. Since 2006, the sweet potato breeding and planting team of the College of Plant Science and Technology of Beijing Agricultural College has gone deep into the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, adhered to the close combination of field and classroom, theory and practice, research and development and popularization, innovation and service, and brought a lot of practical information and technology to sweet potato growers, covering 11 prefecture-level cities and more than 60 counties such as Baoding, Langfang, Chengde and Zhangjiakou in Hebei, and established a stable service cooperation relationship with Shuanghua Agricultural Products Planting Professional Cooperative in Gu ‘an County of Langfang, which radiated Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. Zhao Bo, the team leader, was awarded as "Advanced Individual in Rural Work in Beijing (2017-2021)".

　　Second, the implementation progress

　　(1) Demonstration and popularization of new sweet potato varieties. For a long time, the first generation varieties accounted for about 50%, the second generation and the third generation varieties accounted for about 30% in the production of sweet potato in the vast area of Hebei, and the variety upgrading was lagging behind, which could not meet the demand of sweet potato producers for economic benefits or consumers for fresh sweet potato quality, thus affecting the development of sweet potato industry in this area. Since 2016, the sweet potato team has successively introduced the fifth-generation sweet potato varieties, such as Pushu 32, Yanshu 25, Longshu 9 and Shangshu 19, in Langfang, Chengde, Zhangjiakou and Tangshan, which made the local sweet potato variety structure jump from the first generation to the fifth generation at that time, the yield level was improved, the quality was obviously improved, which met the market requirements for the taste and appearance of fresh foods, the income of growers was guaranteed, and the introduced new varieties were obtained.

　　(two) demonstration and popularization of cold bed seedling technology. The method of raising seedlings with fire resistance is a common method of raising seedlings of sweet potato in North China. The seedbed is simple in structure and convenient to build. Coal, straw and firewood can be used as heating materials, and it is easy to obtain materials, but there are also problems of high energy consumption and serious environmental pollution. However, the method of multi-layer covered cold bed seedling raising in solar greenhouse or small and medium shed can meet the temperature requirements of sweet potato seedling raising without heating, eliminating the consumption of fuel and electric energy, greatly reducing the cost, and eliminating the pollution of coal burning and burning straw to the atmospheric environment, which has ecological benefits of energy saving and emission reduction. The sweet potato team took the lead in popularizing advanced cold bed seedling raising technology in Gu ‘an County of Langfang, lulong county of Qinhuangdao, yutian county of Tangshan and other places, and implemented systematic improvement in facilities selection, seedbed construction, seed potato stacking, soil covering thickness, temperature control, disease control and other aspects, so that the weight of 100 potato seedlings was increased from 250 grams to more than 500 grams, reaching the standard of strong seedlings, the seedling quality was significantly improved, and the energy consumption and pollution were significantly reduced.

　　(3) Vigorously support industrialized seedling raising. Industrial seedling raising is an important guarantee for obtaining excellent provenance. For a long time, most of the sweet potato seedlings in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were propagated by farmers for their own use or transferred from neighboring provinces. There are some problems such as relatively backward breeding technology, uneven quality of potato seedlings, untraceable production losses caused by fake and inferior potato seedlings, and uncertain supply time. Focusing on the cultivation of excellent seed potato seedlings, the sweet potato planting team started with rapid propagation technology and supported the new agricultural management entities to implement factory seedling raising. In 2019, we began to cooperate with Shuanghua Agricultural Products Planting Professional Cooperative in Gu ‘an County, Langfang, to establish a standard chemical plant seedling base, carry out large-scale seed potato seedling cultivation, and provide service guidance from production management, technical training and market development. In the past three years, the annual output of high-quality sweet potato seedlings has reached about 35 million, and the application area has reached more than 12,000 mu. The application scope includes Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Xinjiang and other vast areas, effectively reducing costs, effectively curbing the phenomenon of indiscriminate introduction, proliferation and sales of seed potato seedlings in the market, and making sweet potato growers affordable and comfortable to use.

　　III. Main Features and Effects

　　(A) technology research and development and technology promotion are closely integrated. Scientific research "originates from production and is used for production". The sweet potato breeding and planting team insists on demand-oriented and problem-oriented, so that tasks come from production, demand, market, scientific research results go to production, farmers and enterprises, so as to accelerate the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological innovations into real productive forces and write the "Sweet Potato Paper" on the land of Yanzhao. For more than ten years, while breeding marketable sweet potato varieties, the sweet potato team has successively promoted and applied more than 10 green, high-yield and high-efficiency production supporting planting management technologies such as virus-free seed potato rapid propagation, high-temperature healing seed potato storage, cold bed laying seedlings, seedling bed soil disinfection, etc. around sweet potato stem tip virus-free and improved seed breeding in vast areas of Hebei, with an average annual planting scale of over 10,000 mu, thus escorting the sweet potato industry to improve quality and efficiency. For example, in view of the safe storage of seed potatoes in winter, the storage technology of high-temperature healing seed potatoes is adopted to reduce the rotten rate of seed potatoes and improve the vitality of seed potatoes; The soil disinfection method combining sunlight, irrigation and chemicals effectively eliminated the soil-borne diseases of sweet potato; Adopting the technical process of virus-free sweet potato two-stage seedling breeding, the tissue culture seedlings directly produce the original seeds, which improves the quality by one level, advances the time by one year, reduces the production times of seed potatoes in the soil, and makes the seedlings cleaner.

　　(2) Online and offline technical services are not dropped. At the beginning of 2020, there was a once-in-a-century epidemic in COVID-19. For a long time, although the flow of people was restricted, the scientific and technological service activities of the expert team did not stop. According to the time, place and classification guidance, they worked "continuously" and served "continuously", which minimized the impact of the epidemic on agricultural production and ensured the smooth flow of agricultural technology services in the last mile. Especially in the early stage of the outbreak, faced with various uncertain factors, the expert team actively provided online guidance to 21 sweet potato seedling enterprises in Chengde, Langfang, Tangshan and Baoding through WeChat and telephone, helping to solve the technical problems of large-scale sweet potato seedling farmers in time. In March, 2020, Langfang area issued blue warning of gale for many times, and the expert team immediately telephoned 12 seedling farmers in Xueputou Village, Gu ‘an County to reinforce 110 plastic greenhouses and 4 solar greenhouses, thus avoiding losses in time.

　　(3) Supporting new agricultural business entities and highlighting the effect of linking agriculture with agriculture. Compared with traditional small farmers, new agricultural business entities, such as large-scale farmers, family farms, farmers’ professional cooperatives and leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, are large-scale, specialized, intensive and market-oriented, which have unique advantages in linking agriculture with agriculture and can give consideration to both economic and social benefits. In the process of technology promotion, the sweet potato breeding and planting team has signed a technical service agreement with Shuanghua Agricultural Products Planting Professional Cooperative in Gu ‘an County of Langfang since 2019, forming a working mode of interest community of "expert team+village collective+cooperative+farmer". Through the effective mechanism of benefit sharing and risk sharing, the annual output value of the cooperative is supported to reach 3-5 million. Under the guidance of experts’ regular service, the cooperative nursery bed is stable at 30,000-50,000 square meters all the year round, which can directly provide 50 stable jobs every year, with 100 workers in busy farming hours, and at the same time, radiation drives more than 1,000 employees in surrounding planting, deep processing and logistics, and gradually forms a sweet potato industrial chain integrating seedling raising, planting, storage and sales.

　　(4) Go deep into the fields and send the technology to the hearts of farmers. The promotion and upgrading of new sweet potato varieties should be closely combined with the promotion of planting techniques to achieve higher efficiency. In view of the fact that there are few young and middle-aged laborers in rural areas and the elderly have become the main force of agricultural production, the expert team explored the technology of close planting and shallow planting of sweet potato, which controlled the shape of sweet potato by adjusting the planting density, and increased the number of potato nodes by planting sweet potato seedlings in the soil, thus achieving the purpose of increasing yield and reducing labor intensity. Of course, the promotion of new technology is a slow process, limited by traditional habits, knowledge structure and cognitive level. Older growers don’t recognize new planting technology, and often experts just leave after class, and farmers still do it in their own way. In order to verify the outstanding effect of the new technology, the team of experts intervened in the whole process of sweet potato production, and demonstrated and guided the whole process from sweet potato seedling raising to mature harvesting, guiding farmers to change their concepts with facts and reality. In the past 10 years, team members have gone to the countryside for more than 1,500 days, and trained more than 300 farmers every year on average. By promoting new varieties and technologies, many villagers who are unable and unconditional to go out for employment have realized income generation at their doorsteps.

　　Fourth, experience and enlightenment

　　(1) Build a platform. The development of technology extension service can not be separated from the corresponding work platform. The school has incorporated the sweet potato planting and breeding promotion into the overall layout of serving the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and established poverty alleviation workstations, professor workstations, doctoral workstations and technology transfer sub-centers in Chengde, Zhangjiakou and Tangshan, respectively, to promote the collaborative interaction among universities, research institutes, local governments and new agricultural business entities, and promote the integration of Industry-University-Research through the expert team’s on-site service, so as to make the promotion service site a gathering place for talents of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, an experimental field for scientific and technological innovation, and an incubator for the application of achievements.

　　(2) Based on demand. To carry out technology promotion, we should consider whether enterprises need it, whether farmers accept it, and whether the market supply and demand are reasonable, so as to truly solve the pain points in the agricultural industry. To this end, even if you spend more time on research, the so-called "sharpening the knife without cutting the wood by mistake." All the technologies around sweet potato stem tip detoxification and improved seed breeding are born in response to production problems and should be promoted by market benefits. If they are not combined with production and ignore market feedback, even advanced technologies will have no value of popularization and application.

　　(3) carry forward feelings. The main battlefield of technology popularization is the grass-roots front line, which is often arduous and backward. To be effective, the promotion work needs to run around mountains, ravines and fields all the year round. It is consistent with a kind of dedication, selfless feelings and selfless feelings. If you always consider the gains and losses, you can’t do the promotion work well. Making friends with farmers, the sweet potato planting team can not only sit and talk, but also act. Together with sweet potato growers, they are sweating in the hot sun, braving the heat, winning the trust of farmers, promoting stable and lasting cooperation and achieving a win-win situation.

　　V. Plans for further promotion

　　(1) The promotion and demonstration of new sweet potato varieties are uninterrupted. Continue to strengthen the promotion of new sweet potato varieties in Chengde, Tangshan, Zhangjiakou and Langfang, Hebei Province, and radiate to Jinghai, Tianjin, Nanyang, Henan Province and Yiyuan, Shandong Province.

　　(2) The demonstration and promotion of cold bed seedling raising technology of sweet potato is uninterrupted. The system integrates various technologies such as seedling site selection, seedbed construction, seed potato stacking, soil covering, pest control, environmental condition control, seedling quality control, seedling collection and so on, and continuously improves the popularization and demonstration system of sweet potato cold bed seedling technology to enhance the scale of sweet potato cold bed seedling in Hebei Province.

　　(3) Continuous technical training and consultation. Fulfill the duties of scientific and technological workers, strengthen the responsibility of scientific and technological workers, insist on putting their feet in the soil and writing papers on the earth, go to villages and households to guide improved varieties and good methods, disseminate technical essentials, cultivate a group of soil experts, Tian Xiucai and new farmers, and ensure that the "standardized" application of sweet potato breeding and planting technology is effectively transmitted.

　　Beijing News (Reporter Li Dandan) In recent years, telecom fraud has been repeatedly banned, causing serious property losses to citizens. Today, at the 2016 National Cyber Security Publicity Week, executives of China Telecom Group revealed that China Telecom is currently launching a "blacklist" and "whitelist" plan to crack down on telecom fraud.

　　Li Anmin, general manager of the Information Security Department of China Telecom Group, said at the National Cyber Security Publicity Week that China Telecom is launching a "blacklist" and "whitelist" plan for fraudulent calls. "Believe ‘ Black and white double evil spirits ’ Together, you can make all the fraudulent calls in one net. "

　　The so-called "blacklist" refers to the "blacklist" phone numbers that have been identified by government departments and users themselves, and telecommunications can include them in the "blacklist" for network interception; The "white list" is a number that has been certified for enterprises and institutions based on real-name registration system. When an incoming call is made, the information of relevant enterprises and institutions will be clearly displayed, and missed calls will be reminded by SMS.

　　Li Anmin said that in order to crack down on communication fraud, several national ministries and commissions have formed a joint special action group, and operators have also joined in. The mechanism of shutting down illegal telephone numbers established by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology depends on operators. Since the beginning of this year, China Telecom has cooperated with relevant departments to shut down more than 20,000 numbers.

　　In terms of network interception, Li Anmin introduced that China Telecom arranged staff to assist and be on duty in the anti-fraud center for 7×24 hours. In June this year, China Telecom helped the public security department intercept 1.1 million spam messages in one province of Guangxi, which shows that spam messages are still rampant.

　　He said that telephone real-name registration system is also very important, and real-name registration system’s great role is to prevent communication fraud. China Telecom has promised that before November, 2016, users who fail to achieve real-name registration system will be stopped twice (neither making calls nor answering calls).

　　Li Anmin believes that to crack down on telecom fraud, we must first solve the problems at the legislative level and establish a punishment mechanism. He called for speeding up legislation and related supervision and management in this regard, and finally realizing "joint defense" in many aspects including the masses, technology, management, supervision, policy and legislation.

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??1905 movie network news Recently, some netizens took a group of recent photos of Twins appearing together in Weibo. Gillian appeared shyly without makeup, and natural beauty killed netizens. More than 10,000 articles in Weibo praised Gillian for "beautiful crying"!

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After the awards ceremony, Charlene Choi led the team members, friends Gillian and manager Huo Wenxi to a hot pot restaurant for dinner, and everyone left at about 1: 30 in the morning. Although she missed the throne of the best actress, Asa didn’t feel depressed. She left accompanied by Huo Wenxi and Gillian, smiling all the time, and generously asked the media to take photos. Asa said that she was not disappointed that the queen’s throne fell into Zhao Wei’s hands. She laughed and said that she was convinced by the loss: "Whether there is an award or not, I am grateful to be shortlisted. I have made great efforts to get here. I am happy for other award-winning actors and actresses."

    Ah Sa appeared generously, but her good sister Gillian was a little embarrassed and said shyly, "I didn’t wear makeup." In the photo, both of them are dressed casually. Although she is plain, Gillian is still bright and beautiful. After the photo was sent out, it caused a hot discussion among netizens, "This is still covered, is it so beautiful?" and "It is particularly unfair! It’s so beautiful without makeup! " "beauty but not knowing it"!

Recently, car home Taian preferential promotion channel has brought heavy good news to riders! The high-profile models are undergoing preferential activities, with a preferential margin of up to 42,000 yuan. This preferential activity covers Tai ‘an area, and the minimum starting price is 181,300 yuan. If you are interested in Passat, now is the perfect time to buy a car. Please click "Check the car price" in the quotation form, strive for a higher discount, and drive the long-awaited Passat home!

Volkswagen Passat is a medium-sized car, with simple design and elegant overall style. The front of the car adopts the popular family-style design language, the front face is exquisitely designed, and the air intake grille is decorated with chrome, which is connected with the headlights to create a wide visual effect. The body lines are smooth, and the roof lines are gradually pressed down, showing a slip-back shape, showing a sense of movement. The rear design is simple, and the taillights use LED light source, which is highly recognizable when driving at night. Passat’s design is full of strength and stability, and it is a very classic model.

Passat is a medium-sized car with a body length, width and height of 4948*1836*1469 mm and a wheelbase of 2871 mm, which provides spacious interior space and comfortable riding experience. The side lines of the car body are smooth, the roof lines are straight, and the door part is streamlined, so the overall shape is simple and generous. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1584 mm and 1570 mm respectively, equipped with 215/60 R16 tires and exquisite rims, showing an elegant appearance style.

Passat’s interior design is full of modernity and adopts a simple and atmospheric style, which makes people feel very comfortable. The steering wheel is made of plastic and supports manual up and down+front and back adjustment, which is convenient for drivers to find the most comfortable position. The size of the central control screen is 8 inches, which supports the voice recognition control system. The multimedia system and telephone can be realized by voice control. The front and rear rows are equipped with USB and Type-C interfaces, which is convenient for passengers to charge and connect devices. The seat is made of imitation leather. The main seat supports front-back adjustment, backrest adjustment and height adjustment (2-way), and the auxiliary seat also supports front-back adjustment and backrest adjustment. The rear seats can also be laid down in proportion, providing more space and convenience for passengers. Generally speaking, Passat’s interior design is excellent, which provides very good comfort and convenience for drivers and passengers.

Passat is equipped with a 1.4T 150 HP L4 engine with a maximum power of 110 kW and a maximum torque of 250 N m.. This engine uses a 7-speed dry dual-clutch gearbox to make the shift smoother. At the same time, the high efficiency and good power output of this engine can provide Passat with an excellent driving experience.

Passat’s design is undoubtedly a highlight. The owner of car home said that what he was most satisfied with was the appearance. This car has a high face value, handsome front face, smooth and dynamic lines, and the overall design is very harmonious. In terms of power, this car also performed well, starting quickly, speeding up, overtaking at high speed and driving very comfortably. It can be said that Passat’s performance in appearance and power is very satisfactory. In addition, Passat also has excellent suspension system, stable chassis and very smooth driving, which makes people feel very comfortable driving experience. In a word, if you are interested in a car with beautiful appearance, strong power and comfortable driving, Passat is definitely worth considering.

[Autohome Shangqiu Discount Promotion Channel] Recently, we noticed that there is a promotion going on in the Shangqiu area. The maximum discount amount has reached 28,000 yuan, making the minimum starting price of this car only 188,600 yuan. To learn more and get a higher discount, please click "Check the car price" in the quotation form.

The Eπ 008 features a streamlined body design and a futuristic front face design. The unique air intake grille and sharp LED headlights on both sides combine to enhance the overall recognition of the vehicle. The overall style is mainly simple and atmospheric, presenting a visual effect full of technology.

With a body length of 5002mm, a body width of 1972mm and a body height of 1732mm, and a wheelbase of 3025mm, the eπ 008 gives a spacious interior. The side lines are smooth and dynamic, and the front and rear wheel tracks are 1650mm, ensuring excellent stability and handling. The vehicle is equipped with 265/45 R21 tires, with a sporty rim design, showing a strong sporty atmosphere.

eπ008的内饰设计以其简洁大方的风格吸引着众多消费者的目光。中控台配备了一块15.6英寸的高清触控屏幕，支持多媒体系统、导航、电话、空调等多种功能的语音识别控制，让驾驶员在行驶过程中可以更加专注于驾驶。方向盘采用高品质的皮质包裹，不仅提升了握持的舒适度，还具备手动上下和前后调节功能，确保每位驾驶员都能找到最合适的驾驶姿势。前排和后排均配备了USB和Type-C充电接口，方便乘客随时为电子设备充电。前排还配备了无线充电功能，为智能设备提供便捷的充电体验。座椅材质选用高品质的仿皮材质，不仅触感舒适，还具有良好的耐用性。主驾驶座椅和副驾驶座椅均具备前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节和腰部支撑功能，为乘客提供个性化的舒适坐姿。此外，前排座椅还配备了加热、通风功能以及驾驶位的头枕扬声器，提升了乘坐的舒适度和娱乐体验。电动座椅记忆功能覆盖驾驶位、副驾驶位和后排，方便乘客快速恢复座椅位置。第二排座椅还具备前后调节、靠背调节和腿托调节功能，提供了多样化的乘坐选择。后排座椅支持比例放倒，为行李空间的灵活调整提供了便利。

eπ008搭载了一台1.5T涡轮增压发动机，具备147马力的输出功率，采用L4布局。该发动机的最大功率为108kW，最大扭矩为210N·m，与电动车单速变速箱相匹配，为车辆提供强劲的动力和平顺的驾驶体验。

根据汽车之家车主的反馈，eπ008虽然在整体上表现出色，但在一些细节方面仍有改进空间。车主提到新车可能存在一些异味，虽然他自己并不敏感，但为了孩子的健康考虑，建议后期可以使用空气清新剂改善。此外，eπ008的车漆相对较薄，需要车主在日常使用中更加小心，避免产生划痕。同时，车主在高速行驶时也感受到一些风噪声，这可能会影响驾驶体验，因此eπ008在细节处理上还有待提高。

1905 movie network news A few days ago, the title song MV of the new album "How Are You?" was released, and she specially invited and starred in it. This is also the re-cooperation between the two after the TV series "The Agreement of 18 Years Old", which coincides with the artistic conception of two happy people in the song "Reunion after many years".

According to the staff, Rene Liu’s album was originally scheduled to be released earlier, but in order to wait for Ariel Lin and Joseph Chang to fit in, the release of the album was delayed. Rene Liu said: "This album, from the beginning of the song, we will make it with a feeling of doing our best, and the MV is the same. We believe in them, then we will wait, and the work will prove worthwhile. "

When talking about his impressions of Ariel Lin and Joseph Chang, Rene Liu said with a smile: "Joseph Chang is a natural dish for many people, and his plays have always been very good. Especially, his life has entered another stage. In addition to bringing the audience into the play, he can also interpret his mature state of mind. I saw his restrained performance, which was very charming. "

For the two leading actors, they have experienced different life experiences and growth over the years. When talking about cooperating with Ariel Lin after many years, Joseph Chang said: "There is a deep feeling, so when shooting the MV, the song is broadcast, and when watching the reunion scene, I have a lot of feelings." Ariel Lin also praised: "Xiaoquan is of course more mature, relaxed and attractive."

It is reported that Rene Liu’s 15th album "Everybody Be Well" will be released on March 24th.

In the domestic automobile market, with the continuous progress of technology and the diversification of consumer demand, as one of the core components of the automobile, the performance and reliability of the gearbox are directly related to the driving experience and the overall quality of the vehicle. However, although domestic gearboxes have made remarkable progress in recent years, there are still some products that have attracted much attention because of their high failure rate. This paper will analyze and rank the three domestic gearboxes with high failure rate in detail: universal 6-speed automatic transmission 6T30(MH9), Peugeot Citroen 4-speed automatic transmission AT8 and BYD 6-speed wet powershift 6DT35.

1. Basic overview

As an important gearbox product of GM, the general 6-speed automatic transmission 6T30(MH9) is widely used in old Cruze, Yinglang and other models. This gearbox was once favored by the market for its multi-gear design and relatively smooth shifting experience. However, with the passage of time, the problem of high failure rate is gradually exposed.

2. The main fault performance

• Computer board failureThe control module (computer board) of 6T30 gearbox is one of its core components, which is responsible for receiving and processing signals from sensors and actuators to control the shift logic of gearbox. However, according to the owner’s report, the computer board is prone to failure during use, which leads to abnormal operation of the gearbox, such as sudden shift, inability to upshift or downshift.
• The sense of frustration is obviousIn addition to the computer board failure, the frustration of 6T30 gearbox during gear shifting is also a common problem reflected by car owners. This sense of frustration not only affects the driving comfort, but also may cause additional wear and tear to the mechanical parts inside the gearbox.
• Abnormal sound problemSome car owners also report that they will hear abnormal noise from the gearbox during driving, which is usually related to the wear of gears or bearings inside the gearbox. Abnormal noise not only affects the driving experience, but also may be a precursor to gearbox failure.

3. Solutions and improvements

In view of the above problems, GM has upgraded and improved the 6T30 gearbox several times. For example, optimize the control algorithm of computer board to improve its stability and reliability; Improve the lubrication system and seals inside the gearbox to reduce wear and abnormal noise; And strengthen the quality control and testing in the production process. However, due to the large number of old models and the high upgrade cost, some vehicles may still use the original gearbox.

1. Basic overview

Peugeot Citroen 4-speed automatic transmission AT8 is an old gearbox product, which is mainly used in old models such as 308, 408, C5 and Sega. This gearbox adopts fuzzy control theory to realize the automatic shift function under different slopes and load, but it has exposed a high failure rate in actual use.

2. The main fault performance

• Unable to shift gearsThe problem that AT8 gearbox can’t shift gears is one of the biggest headaches for car owners. According to reports, this fault usually occurs when the vehicle suddenly fails to shift gears during driving, resulting in the vehicle not being able to run normally.
• Fault lightWhen the gearbox fails, the fault light on the instrument panel will light up to remind the driver. However, for AT8 gearbox, the lighting of the fault light often means that a serious fault has occurred.
• Shift logic confusionIn addition to being unable to shift gears, the shifting logic of AT8 gearbox is often criticized by car owners. Some car owners report that the shifting timing and logic of the gearbox are not accurate and reasonable enough during driving, which greatly reduces the driving experience.

3. Solutions and alternatives

Because the failure rate of AT8 gearbox is high and difficult to repair, many car owners choose to replace the gearbox or upgrade the model to solve the problem. At the same time, with the continuous progress of automobile technology and the upgrading of consumer demand, more and more models are equipped with more advanced and reliable gearbox products.

1. Basic overview

BYD 6-speed wet powershift 6DT35 is a gearbox product independently developed by BYD Auto, which is mainly used in BYD Tang New Energy and other vehicles. This gearbox adopts a wet dual clutch structure to improve the smoothness and durability of shifting. However, its failure rate is relatively high in actual use.

2. The main fault performance

• Abnormal sound and frustrationAccording to the owner’s report, the 6DT35 gearbox often has abnormal sound and frustration during starting and accelerating. This kind of fault not only affects the driving comfort, but also may cause damage to the mechanical parts inside the gearbox.
• Oil leakage problemOil leakage is another common problem of 6DT35 gearbox. The oil leakage caused by the quality problem or improper installation of the internal seal of the gearbox not only wastes resources, but also may affect the performance and safety of the vehicle.
• Shift logic problemSome car owners also report that the shifting logic of 6DT35 gearbox is not accurate and reasonable enough, which leads to untimely shifting or excessive shifting impact during driving.

3. Solutions and suggestions for improvement

In view of the above problems, BYD has taken a series of measures to improve and upgrade. For example, optimize the internal structure design of gearbox to improve its durability and reliability; Strengthen the quality control and testing in the production process to ensure the stability of product quality; And strengthen the construction of after-sales service system to improve customer satisfaction. However, due to the limitation of technical level and production cost, some problems may still be difficult to be completely solved.

To sum up, the universal 6-speed automatic transmission 6T30(MH9), Peugeot Citroen 4-speed automatic transmission AT8 and BYD 6-speed wet powershift 6DT35 are three products with high failure rate in domestic gearboxes. There are many problems in performance, durability and reliability of these gearboxes, which have brought many troubles to consumers. However, with the continuous progress of automobile technology and the intensification of market competition, it is believed that the overall quality of domestic gearboxes will be continuously improved in the future to provide consumers with a better and more reliable driving experience. At the same time, consumers should pay enough attention to the performance and quality of gearbox when buying cars to avoid unnecessary troubles and losses caused by gearbox failure.

Musk revealed that he had been assassinated twice.

Elon musk, CEO of Tesla, recently revealed on social media that he had suffered two assassination attempts in the past eight months. The two incidents were independent of each other. When the suspect was arrested, he was near Tesla’s headquarters in Texas and was found carrying a gun. Musk also mentioned at the recent Tesla shareholders’ meeting that the assassination risk in the United States is on the rise. He compared his situation with the late Beatle John Lennon and emphasized the potential threats faced by public figures. Musk revealed that he had been assassinated twice.

At the same time, Musk’s social media platform X (formerly known as Twitter) encountered regulatory challenges in Europe. The European Commission accused it of violating the Digital Services Law and may face a fine of up to 6% of the global annual turnover. Musk is tit for tat, not only refusing to accept punishment, but also accusing the EU of trying to reach an "illegal secret agreement" with it, requiring the platform to privately review the content to avoid fines, while the X platform refused to participate in such transactions. Musk vowed to confront the EU through legal channels to ensure the openness and transparency of information and safeguard the freedom of speech of platform users. On the other hand, the EU insists that its actions comply with the law and aim to protect the security and fairness of the network environment.